法国巴黎高等师范学院

05/05/2019 0条评论 2,233次阅读 0人点赞

巴黎高等师范学院创办于1794年，目前在QS世界大学排名中位列第43位，也是法国在该排名中名次最高的大学。巴黎高等师范学院的基本概况是怎样的呢？

《法国巴黎高等师范学院》

一、关于巴黎高等师范学院

At the same time a French grande école and a university, the Ecole normale supérieure provides in Paris, at the heart of the Quartier latin, excellent training through research, leading to various teaching and research professions, and contributes to train through research the senior executives of public administrations as well as of French and European companies. The ENS also defines and applies scientific and technological research policies, from a multidisciplinary and international perspective.

Located in the heart of Paris, the Ecole normale supérieure boasts all the key features for student campus life: living and study spaces, libraries, sports and cultural facilities, etc.

Intellectual freedom, multidisciplinarity in humanities and sciences, individual attention to students, bountiful campus life, gathering students and professors from all disciplines, form the heart of the specificities of the Ecole normale supérieure. Since more than 2 centuries, the ENS prepares its students to the most various openings and the highest responsibilities, while being fully invested in the intellectual, scientific and cultural debates of its time – in particular through the multiplicity of the normaliens’ engagement.

巴黎高等师范学院位于巴黎拉丁区，同时是法国的高等学校和大学。巴黎高等师范学院通过研究提供优质的培训，将学生引向各个教学和研究行业;通过对公共管理部门高管和法国、欧洲企业的研究，贡献于学院的培训。除此以外，巴黎高等师范学院还从多学科视角和国际视角，对科技研究政策进行规定和应用。

位于巴黎中心地带的巴黎高等师范学院有学生校园生活所有的引以为豪的核心特征：生活和学习空间、图书馆、球场和文化设施等。

学术自由、人文与科学的多学科性、对学生的个人关注、多姿多彩的校园生活、各个学科师生聚集的氛围——这些构成了巴黎高等师范学院的特殊性的核心。自从建校二百多年以来，在让学生完全介入时代的学术、科学和文化争论的同时(尤其是通过参与的多样性)，巴黎高等师范学院还为学生开启了主动可能性，培养了学生的高度的责任感。

The École Normale Supérieure de Paris (ENS) was ranked 33rd in the world in the QS World University Rankings® 2016-2017. It’s particularly strong in mathematics, philosophy, history, modern languages, computer science and information systems, physics and astronomy, statistics and operational research, as indicated by its performance in the QS World University Rankings® by Subject.

Based in the French capital, the Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris (ENS) is situated in the Quartier Latin, a Parisian neighborhood known for its lively student atmosphere, bars and bistros. The ENS is primarily a research university, home to 800 research staff and 600 PhD students. Over 80% of ENS students move into a PhD program.

At undergraduate level, the French university l’École Normale Supérieure de Paris (ENS) offers two routes, either a bachelor of art in literature or a bachelor of sciences.

International students currently enrolled at an institution abroad are recruited through highly selective oral and written exams. Every year, the ENS offers 20 international students scholarships and accommodation for a period of three years.

The École Normale Supérieure de Paris (ENS) offers a variety of different master’s degrees and PhDs, including Sociology and statistics,Geopolitics,and Neuroscience.

巴黎高等师范学院在QS2016-2017年度世界大学排名中位列世界第33位。根据QS世界大学专业排名，巴黎高等师范学院的优秀专业有数学、哲学、历史、现代语言、计算机科学与信息系统、物理学与天文学、统计学以及运筹学。

巴黎高等师范学院位于巴黎拉丁区，以生活活泼的学生气氛、酒吧和小餐馆著称。巴黎高等师范学院主要是一所研究型大学，有800名研究人员和600名博士生。巴黎高等师范学院80%以上的学生会选择攻读博士学位。

在本科阶段，巴黎高等师范学院提供两个学习方向：文学士和理学士。

巴黎高等师范学院在研究生阶段提供各种不同的硕士学位和博士学位，包括社会学与统计学、地缘政治学和神经科学。

排名情况

师生人数

二、巴黎高等师范学院的历史

原名巴黎师范学校。1795年创办，后由于政府更迭而几经改组、封闭。1808年，根据拿破仑一世的帝国敕令予以重建，成为培养国立中学教师的学校，并于1810年开始招生。1845年学校改为现在的名字。

在法国，高等师范学院的历史几乎与法兰西共和国同龄，距今已有200多年的历史。早在法国大革命时期，在法兰西共和国成立后的两年，共和3年雾月9日，即1794年11月30日，根据当时国民公会议员拉卡那尔(Lakanal)的提议，法国第一家师范学校创立，并成为男子高等师范大学(ENSde qarqons)的前身，学校成立之初确定的宗旨是让学生在教师的帮助下，学会”教学的艺术”。这一创举掀开了高等师范大学在法国历史上的首页，使”高等师范大学”(ENS)这一新名词逐渐为广大法国人所了解、接受。到了1847年，男子高等师范大学正式成立并且选址于巴黎邬尔姆路(rued`Ulm)，也就是巴黎高等师范大学今天的校园所在地。

三、巴黎高等师范学院的教研情况

1.Teaching

The Ecole normale supérieure aims at varying its students’ profiles and incorporates students to be enrolled in the 3rd year of bachelor (licence 3) or 1st year of master (master 1), coming from all over the world and from all disciplines. The competitive examination of the International selection is intended to young graduates in Arts & Humanities as well as Sciences, who justify at least of one year undergraduate studies in a foreign university and distinguish themselves with outstanding results.

Intellectual freedom and individual tutoring

The ENS enhances students’ autonomy with individual tutoring: all students draw up their individual study programme while being advised and guided by a tutor (agrégé répétiteur, teacher-researcher or researcher), so that they can make their choice among a large training offer.

Interdisciplinarity

The ENS gives priority to fundamental knowledge and combines in-depth study in a discipline with familiarity in many other disciplines. The richness, diversity and organisation of the training fields, gathered in 15 departments for training and research in Sciences and Humanities, allow students to explore the boundaries of their disciplines and to develop intellectual approaches with a strong interdisciplinarity.

Training through research

Through the scientific activity of the ENS and its research teams, training provided in this institution truly consists in training through research, regardless of the career paths students will choose afterwards. Teaching, introductory courses or research seminars are handled by several teacher-researchers who present and include students in their achievements.

Openness on the world

ENS students are destined to become international students, able to work worldwide. They are very soon initiated to the diversity of academic systems and foreign languages, and stay for 1 or 2 semesters in partner universities or undertake research internships in foreign laboratories.

1.教学

巴黎高等师范学院旨在丰富学生的简介，将他们并入三年制学士或一年制硕士。巴黎高等师范学院的学生来自世界各地，各个专业背景的学生都来这里。学院竞争激烈的国际生选拔考试同时针对文科生和理科生。参加选拔考试的学生需要读过一年本科，并且有令他们脱颖而出的优秀成绩。

学术自由和个人指导

巴黎高等师范学院通过个人指导提高学生自主性。所有学生都有自己的个人学习计划，并接受导师(由教师-研究员或研究员担任)的建议和指导。这样便于在诸多培训课程中作出选择。

跨学科

巴黎高等师范学院优先重视基础知识，同时，将单门学科深度研究和其他诸多科学素养结合。培训课程在15个部门展开，涵盖理科和文科诸多方面的培训和研究，其丰富性、多样性和组织性让学生有机会探索自己学科领域的边界，在强有力的跨学科支持下探索出自己的知识方法。

寓教于研

通过科学活动和研究团队，巴黎高等师范学院的训练真正做到了寓教于研，无论学生往后的职业道路选择是怎样的。教学、导论课或研讨会由教师-研究员来完成。教师-研究员代表学生，并将学生引入自己的成就领域。

开放性

巴黎高等师范学院将学生培养为具备国际视野的人才，让他们有能力在世界各地就业。巴黎高等师范学院的学生能够快速适应不同的学术指导和外国语言，有机会在伙伴大学学习1到2个学期，或者在国外实验室从事研究实习。

2.Rearch

Training at the ENS is organised within 15 departments for training and research (all students belong to one department), and is completed by interdisciplinary training centres for languages and environment.

The École normale supérieure is a member of Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University. This institution has been founded by 25 prestigious institutions established in Paris which have gathered together. All these institutions have in common to train their students through research and are all willing to create disciplinary convergences, make innovation and creativity more dynamic, attract and train the best students and make of research a real growth driver.

All member institutions have a strong identity, a limited number of students and a strong commitment towards research: these are the right conditions for an academic culture of excellence. They have decided to gather in order to join their forces and build research projects of international reach and high-ranking interdisciplinary trainings. PSL has a global academic training offer, from undergraduate programmes to doctoral programmes, in all disciplinary fields, from life and matter sciences to humanities and social sciences, from art creation to economics and management.

2.研究

巴黎高等师范学院的培训课程在15个部门内展开(所有的学生属于一个部门)，同时由跨学科语言环境培训中心加以完善。

巴黎高等师范学院是Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University的一个成员。该联盟由巴黎25所著名院校联合成立。这些院校有一个共同点，那就是通过研究对学生进行教育，愿意创造学科汇合，激活创造和创新，吸引和培养最优秀的学生，使研究成为真正的增长驱动力。

所有成员机构都有强烈的身份认同感，由为数不多的学生数量和强有力的研究承诺。这些正是优秀的学术文化所需要的条件。这些成员机构聚集在一起，是为了加强他们的实力，打造国际性研究计划和高排名的跨学科培训课程。巴黎高等师范学院世界各地都有学术培训课程提供，从本科课程到博士课程，从生命科学、物质科学到人文社科，从艺术创造到经济学和管理学，涵盖所有学科领域。

四、巴黎高等师范学学院著名校友